This was all Congress needed to begin impeachment proceedings. These expanding Northern cities were a draw for much of the dislocated workforce in the Southincluding newly freed slaves. kcP`?=xI87eC{+Fj*?ya The House and Senate refused to seat southern delegates. While this lesson will not provide answers for all of these questions, the hope is that it will point students in the direction of seeking out such answers with the documents and the interactive provided and formulating their own similar kinds of questions. They were codes or rules created by southerners after the Civil War to restrict the new rights and freedoms of African American in the south. President Ulysses S. Grant had been elected partly because he seemed to show promise of strong executive leadership, but also because he was viewed in the afterglow of his wartime success. There were many reasons for the unpopularity of Congressional Reconstruction in the South. Reconstruction Please wait while the activity loads. Andrew Johnson. Democrats who were previously unable to vote due to their Confederate ties were now able to vote and run for office. answer choices Reconstruction Freedman's Bureau Black Codes Jim Crow Laws Question 7 900 seconds Q. Congress enacted its Reconstruction program over Johnson's veto. The KKK wanted to move power in government back to the Democratic Party. Southern States had to approve the 13Amendment 2) Southern states had to nullify seceding from the union. The WadeDavis Bill was proposed by the Radical Republicans who sought to punish the South for their rebellion and to reinforce the expectation of loyalty and obedience to the federal government. What did the conflict between Johnson and Congress result in? there was corruption, but no more in the South than the North and no more than usual in the gov't, but Democrats kept this myth alive to keep power. Once each convention's elections were held for governor, state legislators, and members of Congress, the states would be readmitted to the Union. e17bZVXrKW@]snp/bAb Ff# 4} GoBEeNoh,:XDlU@? 1&f<6a&wX5:(mIt%`}o"0`PVi>r#7e^2F+Y{\p^W B 9. The government would pay farmers to grow specific crops that were particularly in demand. To assist Confederate prisoners in returning home safely. Sharecropping. Group A: Excerpts from the testimony of Maddie Curtis from Slave Narratives: A Folk History of Slavery in the United States From Interviews with Former Slaves, North Carolina Narratives, 1937, Group B: Excerpt from Rev. Another useful resource is the Educator Resourcesof the National Archives, which features a set of Document Analysis Worksheets. Chapter 16 The Resources of North Carolina: Its Natural Wealth, Condition, and Advantages, as Existing in 1869. He antagonized the northern voters. for freed slaves. Henry McNeal Turner was the first African American elected to the Georgia General Assembly. The states were put under the control of military commanders until they ratified the Fourteenth Amendment and rebuilt their state governments. they wre industrialists and bankers. Chapter 16 Review Quiz | American History Quiz - Quizizz What was the purpose of the Freedmens Bureau? The Presidential Plans (Lincoln and Johnson), the Congressional (Radical Republican), and then Military control (Military Reconstruction Act - South broken down into 5 military districts), Communication des organisations - section 3, Lincoln's vs. Johnson's Plans for Reconstruct, Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self, John Lund, Paul S. Vickery, P. Scott Corbett, Todd Pfannestiel, Volker Janssen, Civil War, Reconstruction and Old West Review. To conclude, the Reconstruction was almost a complete failure. Which of the following is true of the Civil Rights Act of 1866? Discuss how these policies may have affected attitudes in the country and, subsequently, how these attitudes helped or hindered politics upon the conclusion of the Reconstruction era. Again, there were many reasons for the poor government in the South, including violence and sabotage from groups like the Ku Klux Klan and the racial animosity that inspired them, a general unwillingness to accept the political and social implications of equality under the law, and a lingering deep resistance to the idea of the supremacy of the Constitution and Union to state and local authority in matters of national significance. One thing students might consider, for example, is how the devastation of war and the slow pace of efforts to recover from that devastation kept the South in a subordinate economic position in comparison to the faster growing cities of the North. For each group, briefly describe (in one paragraph) the primary motivations and objectives that moved them to action. WebThe Reconstruction period lasted from 1865 to 1877. View Screenshot 2023-03-01 at 8.13.38 PM.png from SOCIAL STUDIES 58557 at Mt Zion High School. Who were the Exodusters? Johnson's policies. Based on the documents reviewed in this lesson, list some of the leading and competing political interests in the South as Reconstruction was drawing to a close. Similarly, there were those in the South who turned their bitterness at losing the war into a default position of hostility to all efforts to move forward. Are you sure you want to remove #bookConfirmation# Evaluating Reconstruction - Central/Southern Tier RAEN Adoption of the amendment was an issue in the 1866 congressional elections, but the president's campaign against it did not work. It was signed into law by President Andrew Johnson. What did Johnson advise the southern states to do about the 14th amendment? The organization put in place after the Civil War to provide schools in the South was known as: answer choices The Civil Rights Committee Explain your choice. endstream endobj 113 0 obj <>stream If you leave this page, your progress will be lost. Irving E. Lowery, Life on the Old Plantation in Ante-Bellum Days, 1911, Group C: Excerpt from the conclusion of Holland Thompson, From the Cotton Field to the Cotton Mill: A Study of the Industrial Transition in North Carolina, 1906, Group D: The Resources of North Carolina: Its Natural Wealth, Condition, and Advantages, as Existing in 1869. WebReconstruction was a significant chapter in the history of civil rights in the United States, but most historians consider it a failure. answer choices True False Question 19 30 seconds Q. A Short Overview of the Reconstruction Era and Ulysses S. Grant's African American males would not have the right to vote until the Fourteenth Amendment was passed. Connected to this question were larger discussions about the rights of four million newly-freed African Americans, the extent to which former Confederates should be punished for their role in the war, the fulfillment of "Manifest Destiny" through westward expansion and settlement of Indian Country, and the meanings of freedom and justice in the United States. D 7. Johnson denounced the Fourteenth Amendment and urged the southern states not to ratify it. Most people in the Union supported the Confederacy's Established the concepts of birthright citizenship (anyone born within U.S. boundaries or territories subject to the jurisdiction of U.S. law was automatically a U.S. citizen, excluding Indians) and equal protection of the law. Which of the following best summarizes President Lincolns attitude toward the policies and process of Reconstruction? 2 Third step is about monitoring of collections 3 Involves the evaluation of. from your Reading List will also remove any wF.*is5oGYqUTsaqrY)$y, "beVv1=;"urk{k"56#UEli[EB9}qJ=YY@jOU{[89K,2M`` While many of the efforts at reconstruction were legitimate and well-intentioned, a good number were not. Complete the sentence in a way that shows you understand the meaning of the italicized vocabulary word. In fact, African Americans took part in all the conventions and made up the majority of delegates in South Carolina. It was thought the freed slaves would be forced to work. Radical Republicans thought it was letting the South off too easily. Johnson and Secretary of War Edwin Stanton were bitter enemies, and the president wanted to get rid of him. WebQuestion 1 What was the primary purpose of the Reconstruction period following the Civil War? The process of rebuilding the South after the Civil War. The authors of the documents were selected to show a variety of contrasting views and also to reflect the different ways that Reconstruction affected various populations. endstream endobj 117 0 obj <>stream 3 southern states votes came in with 2 sets of counts, 1 Dem, 1 Repub, so the vote went to the House of Representatives who decided Republicans. Learning Objectives Evaluate the successes and hZy\L 3!--[D)aC., How did white Southerners view the Freedmen's Bureau? But in the end, events overpowered the best thinking on both sides of this divide and the impact of these great victories was left to be felt and interpreted by a new generation of Americans. Throughout his term, Johnson would try to use his Executive Branch appointments and role as Commander in Chief to try to resist Radical Reconstruction efforts being forwarded by the Republican-controlled Congress. By clarifying and expanding the definition of what constituted a United States citizen, the Fourteenth Amendment brought emancipated African Americans into American society and allowed them to take advantage of much-needed legal protections. and then to be taken up again in the Civil Rights struggles of the 20th century. It abolished slavery in the United States. Voter fatigue- northerners were tired of worrying about it and hearing about it. The Ku Klux Klan was a secretive, racist organization who used violence and fear to intimidate freedmen and whites that supported freedmen. What was the purpose of the Black Codes which were enacted in Southern states in 1865 and 1866? In addition, the teacher should review the interactive maps included as part of this lesson and download the Text Document for Activity 1 and the Text Document for Activity 2, which will include all needed source material and worksheets. Where did most black Americans live in 1900? 2. Microbiology CH9 Genetic Change and Genome Ev. WebThe Military Reconstruction Act of 1867 Split ten former Confederate states (excluding Tennessee) into five military districts to be overseen by the U.S. military and mandated that What was the Freedmen's Bureau? 'B!Kck#'=kimtfqqT~>(i{w-[V] They were more familiar with the places where most battles occured. Johnson versus Congress. Southern voters also elected to Congress highranking Confederate officials and officers, some of whom had not received one of the thirteen thousand pardons Johnson issued during the summer of 1865. (113M Determined to prevent Johnson from interfering with their plan, Radical Republicans pushed through two pieces of legislation in March 1867 intended to severely limit presidential power. evaluating reconstruction quizlet Use information gathered from the interactive maps to inform their understanding of the political, social, and economic problems confronting the nation in the wake of Reconstruction. Several states refused to either repudiate the huge debt produced by the war or unconditionally accept the Thirteenth Amendment. Who were its members? endstream endobj 118 0 obj <>stream Lincoln's and Johnson's plans fundamentally different from the Radical Republican plan. Also, this page requires javascript. Who was the Republican candidate in the election of 1868? The citizens of the South had to take an oath of loyalty, and once 10% of the state had taken the oath the state could rejoin the Union. More punitive actions against the South, Lincoln felt, would only make it harder to heal the divided nation. vague-treason, bribery, or other high crimes or misdemeanors. It gave women the right to vote in the United States. Grandfather clauses gave citizens the right to vote if their grandfathers had been able to vote in elections prior to Reconstruction. Northern Democrats who moved into former Confederate-controlled states with the intention of upsetting Radical Reconstruction plans. If loading fails, click here to try again. Who did it benefit? Share Croppers:Mostly Freedmen who had no tools or supplies, and worked, farmed, and lived on someone else's land. What was President Johnsons role in the period of Radical Reconstruction that took place in 1867 and 1868? Distinguish the central and driving ideas at work in the documents used to illustrate this lesson. The Tenure of Office Act required the president to obtain approval from the Senate to remove any officeholder that the Senate had confirmed. The impeachment of Johnson. #o`9} }#9BNDo9L(]xA g|XW.o&pI.78DBjV]^;. Grant won the 1868 presidential election by a landslide in the Electoral College, but only won the popular vote by 300,000 ballots. His policies after he became president were even more lenient than Lincoln's, and they caused a confrontation with the Radical Republicans in Congress that culminated in his impeachment. Equality at the ballot box would be a work in progress for decades to come. Why was the former Confederacy divided into military districts by the federal government? At the end of the day, what did it mean to be an American, and whose rights were deserving of the full protection of the U.S. government? endstream endobj 116 0 obj <>stream Compose a two-page essay explaining the ways in which the effects of Reconstruction may continue to affect our politics today. The Democratic Party was disbanded and replaced with a new, more liberal version of the Republican Party. Who had been his early political supporters? WebActivity #2: Evaluating ReconstructionThe Fourteenth Amendment Directions: It is the year 1877 and, in the wake of the election of Rutherford B. Hayes, Union troops finally have been WebWhat is Reconstruction? Segregation laws would sunset and have to be repealed within the next 20 years. Congressional Reconstruction. In this sense Reconstruction failed not because of President Grant or even because of southern opposition to civil rights, but because an entire nation--North, South, and West--lost the political and moral will to support the cause of equality before the law. Would he or she feel anger over, anything? The House of Representatives even voted to impeach Johnson over an appointment he made that violated the newly instated Tenure of Office Act. was a name for southern whites who supported Reconstruction in the South, often Republican. "waving the bloody shirt" reminded the voters of Grant's war victory. Why of why not? Reconstruction plan Flashcards | Quizlet What lesson did the Republicans learn from Grant's slim victory? endstream endobj 119 0 obj <>stream Equally important, the concept of "civil rights" was established during this period. Split ten former Confederate states (excluding Tennessee) into five military districts to be overseen by the U.S. military and mandated that each state rewrite its state constitution to allow for black male voting rights before readmittance into the Union. The passage of the 14th Amendment and Civil Rights legislation were great victories for the advocates of equality under the law. President Johnson vetoed the Act, but Congress overrode his veto to pass it. Communities would combine their farms yields to ensure everyone had enough food. The First Reconstruction Act (March 1867) invalidated the state governments established under Johnson's policies (except the government of Tennessee, which had ratified the Fourteenth Amendment) and divided the former Confederacy into five military districts. In many ways, we continue these struggles in our politics today. How did the Compromise of 1877 effectively end Reconstruction? Yes, a few. How might a fact like this have affected opinions on questions such as civil rights, government contracts for major infrastructure improvements (such as railroads) and shaped views on questions such as education? It is the year 1877 and, in the wake of the election of Rutherford B. Hayes, Union troops finally have been recalled from the South. Lincoln realized that, with the war over, anything that prolonged the divide between North and South would be harmful to the nation overall. Any items you have not completed will be marked incorrect. After completing both sections of the worksheet, the group should discuss what they have learned about their topic through the interactive and the document. While much progress could be seen in things like the exponential growth of railroads, even an optimistic reading of these barometers had to be tempered by an acknowledgement that doubling track mileage does not amount to much when the starting point was so low. Johnson, a Democrat, had little control over Reconstruction policy due to the Republican control of Congress. Ulysses S. Grant, Gen Commander of the Union forces in the Civil War. bJLA/RO\Hh2cN]J8JUApfGuYB^(YDLsNil/y!0>3LW{0 nPt2==eD>>H5o Did Congress do anything about white violence? Use the following abbreviations: DO for direct object, PN for predicate nominative, OC for objective complement, IO for indirect object, or PA for predicate adjective. When the groups have completed their worksheets and concluded their discussion, the teacher, as Committee chairman, should lead the groups in brief presentations to the class (the Congressional Committee) highlighting their findings. Turn in their completed worksheets from Activities 1 and 2 for a grade. State conventions, elected by universal male suffrage, were to draw up new constitutions, which had to give blacks the right to vote and had to be approved by Congress. What were the provisions of the first Reconstruction Act? HUKo0WhUK( The teacher may wish to review these documents so as to be able to explain any difficult vocabulary or unfamiliar vernacular. After the impeachment of Andrew Johnson and the ascendancy of Congress in directing Reconstruction policy, the realities of enforcing their well-meaning goals soon dimmed the enthusiasm of many Republicans. They had to have enough money to pay poll tax and had to pass a literacy test. How did Amendments 13, 14, & 15 help African Americans? In parallel, the "Lost Cause" narrative of the Civil War argued that the Confederacy had been justified in its effort to secede from the Union and that Reconstruction had been a mistake. Presented to the Capitalists and People of the Central and Northern States, by Bannister, Cowan & Company, Group E: Excerpt from Albert T. Morgan, Yazoo, Or, On the Picket Line of Freedom, 1881. There were those who used their positions for exploitation. and any corresponding bookmarks? Write a short essay on how social contexts surrounding a person can contribute to his or her upbringing, beliefs and overall quality of life. List the groups in chronological order that ran and controlled the Reconstruction process in the US Government. WebWhat is meant by the term Reconstruction? Reconstruction The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. The teacher should divide the class into four small groups. Senators? There was no profit for workers. Did black voting end in 1877 with the end of Reconstruction? For this activity, the students will use the interactive maps [temporarily located at http://civclients.com/nehint/recon/] as well as the documents specified below that can be found in the Text Document for Activity 1. However, what gains were made in the realm of civil rights were under assault by the time Grant died and almost completely destroyed by the turn of the century. hbbd``b` $ H0E$ b3!D( ( qX | The war devastated the Southern economy and population, leaving a lot of hard feelings towards the victorious North. CONTEXT: In the imaginary land of Wakanda, established landowners keep their power by maintaining private armies. WebThe reconstruction approach they preferred was embodied in the WadeDavis bill (July 1864), which called for the establishment of a military government in each state and required at least fifty percent of the eligible voters to swear allegiance to the United States. Alternative means of assessment include asking the students to do either or both of the following: 1. (southern Democrats). Ulysses S. Grant was confronted with these momentous questions upon his election to the presidency in 1868. Upon completing this lesson, students will begin to see the ways in which a political and constitutional crisis emboldened some lasting divisions within American society and, perhaps what is more important, the ways in which the crisis forged a new path for a stronger and more perfect Union. A large number of immigrants and African Americans were given voting rights. While there were some improvements in African American life in the post-war South, many whites were reluctant to abandon their racist attitudes and biased practices. He believed that there would be no benefit to punishing southern states. he was lincoln's vice president and a southern democrat. Over the next two years, partially due to the help of newly enfranchised African American male voters, all ten states complied with the Reconstruction Acts mandates. hb```b``Vd`f``fc@ >3G#C \5lb`(q.UrA) g``0PZTQH1;kz7/2FI1iMF>C20Jin83lFy6W iB5; Johnson appointed provisional governors and authorized them to set up state conventions, which in turn were charged with declaring secession illegal; repudiating Confederate debts; ratifying the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery in the United States; and scheduling elections. Blacks were required to either sign labor contracts or face arrest for vagrancy, and they were not allowed to serve on juries or testify in court. Reconstruction Flashcards | Quizlet Lesson 3: The Battle Over Reconstruction: The Aftermath of In that compromise, Republican Rutherford B. Hayes won a tight race for the Presidency with just one electoral voteon the condition that all federal troops be removed from the South and a southern Democrat be named to his cabinet.

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